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Food Research International (Ottawa,... Dec 2022Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a common metabolic disorder characterized by obesity, insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Pu-erh tea and...
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a common metabolic disorder characterized by obesity, insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Pu-erh tea and its ingredient theabrownin have known functions on the reduction of body weight gain and fat accumulation. However, few studies systematicly analyze the different contributions and mechanisms of their anti-metabolic syndrome functions through multi-omics combination analysis. Here, we used metagenomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics technology to investigate the anti-metabolic syndrome mechanism of Pu-erh tea and theabrownin in MS mice. Our results suggested that Pu-erh tea and theabrownin interventions could improve the physiological functions of liver, jejunum and adipose tissues in MS mice. Hepatic transcriptome revealed that both interventions could regulate the circadian rhythm pathway. Glycerophospholipid and linoleic acid metabolism were also modulated by both interventions through serum and brain metabolome analysis. Faecal metagenome demonstrated that both interventions could increase the relative abundance of Clostridiales bacterium 42_27, Blautia coccoides and Firmicutes bacterium ASF500, but decrease the relative abundance of Brevundimonas vesicularis. Otherwise, compared with Pu-erh tea, theabrownin markedly upregulated the levels of hepatic antioxidants (i.e., SOD, GSH), prominently downregulated hepatic inflammatory factors (i.e., IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α) and malondialdehyde oxidant, but modestly reduced obesity-associated short-chain fatty acids in faeces in MS mice. Taken together, our data provided insights into the homogeneous and heterogeneous natural biological functions of theabrownin and Pu-erh tea in the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Liver; Metabolic Syndrome; Brain; Obesity; Tea
PubMed: 36461373
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112176 -
Research in Microbiology Apr 2006Nine strains of Brevundimonas vesicularis were isolated from surface water of three ponds in Bielefeld, Germany. With those strains as indicators seven bacteriophages...
Nine strains of Brevundimonas vesicularis were isolated from surface water of three ponds in Bielefeld, Germany. With those strains as indicators seven bacteriophages with different host ranges were isolated. Molecular characterization showed that all phages contained linear double-stranded DNA with a similar genome size of about 37 kb. Restriction analysis and hybridization of phage DNAs revealed that three of these phages are closely related to each other. These phages had morphologies typical of the family Siphoviridae. Their genomes contained cohesive ends. Four phages were classified into the family of Podoviridae. Restriction analysis of the DNAs of these phages did not reveal any similarities. The DNA of these phages were terminally redundant. All phages were unable to transduce plasmids or marker genes.
Topics: Bacteriophages; Caulobacteraceae; DNA; DNA Restriction Enzymes; DNA, Viral; Fresh Water; Hydrolysis; Podoviridae; Siphoviridae
PubMed: 16183261
DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2005.07.005 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2021On recreational sandy beaches, there are guidelines for the management of bacterial pollution in coastal waters regarding untreated sewage, urban wastewater, and...
On recreational sandy beaches, there are guidelines for the management of bacterial pollution in coastal waters regarding untreated sewage, urban wastewater, and industrial wastewater. However, terrestrial plant debris on coastal beaches can be abundant especially after floods and whilst it has rarely been considered a concern, the bacterial population associated with this type of pollution from the viewpoint of public health has not been adequately assessed. In this study, microbes associated with plant debris drifting onto Kizaki Beach in Japan were monitored for 8 months throughout the rainy season, summer, typhoon season, and winter. Here we show that faecal-indicator bacteria in the plant debris and sand under the debris were significantly higher than the number of faecal bacteria in the sand after a 2015 typhoon. When we focused on specific pathogenic bacteria, Brevundimonas vesicularis and Pseudomonas alcaligenes were commonly detected only in the plant debris and sand under the debris during the survey period. The prompt removal of plant debris would therefore help create safer beaches.
Topics: Bathing Beaches; Caulobacteraceae; Environmental Monitoring; Humans; Plants; Pseudomonas alcaligenes; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 34075178
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91066-w -
Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology 2011Brevundimonas vesicularis has rarely been isolated from clinical specimens. We report here a case of B. vesicularis bacteremia in a female infant who presented with...
Brevundimonas vesicularis has rarely been isolated from clinical specimens. We report here a case of B. vesicularis bacteremia in a female infant who presented with fever, vomiting and altered sensorium. USG abdomen showed mild hepatomegaly, moderate ascitis with bilateral mild basal pleural effusion. Blood culture was processed by BACTEC BD. Isolate was identified as B. vesicularis, by API ID 32 GN automated system. We have come across only one report of neonatal sepsis caused by B. vesicularis from India. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the rare case reports of B. vesicularis bacteremia in a female infant.
Topics: Bacteremia; Bacteriological Techniques; Caulobacteraceae; Female; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; India; Infant
PubMed: 22120807
DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.90184 -
RSC Advances Mar 20212,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a herbicide that is considered as a carcinogenic and highly toxic contaminant, and due to its biological and chemical...
Moving-bed biofilm reactor combined with three-dimensional electrochemical pretreatment (MBBR-3DE) for 2,4-D herbicide treatment: application for real wastewater, improvement of biodegradability.
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a herbicide that is considered as a carcinogenic and highly toxic contaminant, and due to its biological and chemical stability, its degradation is very difficult. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate a hybrid system's efficiency of three-dimensional electrochemical (3DE) process and a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) in removing 2,4-D herbicides from aqueous solutions. In this experimental study, the electrochemical degradation of 2,4-D herbicide in a 3DE process with a G/β-PbO anode was first investigated as a pretreatment process. Then, in the post-treatment stage, MBBR with continuous flow was used. The amount of aeration in the MBBR reactor was 4 L min, and the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) was in the range of 3-5 mg L. The effect of various parameters such as hydraulic retention time (HRT) and filling ratio were investigated. The amount of sewage injection was set between 0.001-0.004 L min. Routine microbiological biochemical tests were used to detect bacteria. BOD/COD, COD/TOC, AOS, and COS ratio parameters were used to determine the biodegradability of 2.4-D due to the effluent of the 3DE process. The results showed that with increasing current density, decreasing pH, decreasing herbicide concentration and increasing electrolysis time, the herbicide degradation efficiency increased by 3DE pretreatment process. Based on the results of MBBR post-treatment process efficiency, with increasing HRT and filling ratio, the herbicide removal efficiency increased. According to the results, the highest removal efficiencies of 2,4-D and COD herbicides were obtained during HRT of 24 h, and the filling ratio of 70% were 97.33% and 88.95%, respectively. The consortium of 2,4-D degrading bacteria identified in this study included , spp., spp., spp., spp., spp., spp., , and . In the MBBR biological process, the reaction kinetics followed the Grau second-order model ( = 0.98). In general, the results showed that the combined process of 3DE with G/β-PbO anode and MBBR biological process has relatively high efficiency in 2,4-D herbicide degradation and can be used as a suitable complementary treatment method in wastewater containing non-degradable compounds such as phenoxy herbicides, , 2,4-D should be used.
PubMed: 35423457
DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10821a -
Journal of Community Hospital Internal... 2018Healthcare associated infections due to gram negative bacilli are a major concern among healthcare institutions. While and species are known major organisms; other...
Healthcare associated infections due to gram negative bacilli are a major concern among healthcare institutions. While and species are known major organisms; other lesser known species can also cause primary infection. We present a case of peritonitis in a patient on a peritoneal dialysis regimen due to
PubMed: 29915660
DOI: 10.1080/20009666.2018.1478564 -
Journal of Asthma and Allergy 2021This study aimed to investigate the gut microbiome profile in different inflammatory phenotypes of treatment-naive newly diagnosed asthmatic adults, to gain insight on...
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to investigate the gut microbiome profile in different inflammatory phenotypes of treatment-naive newly diagnosed asthmatic adults, to gain insight on the associations between intestinal microbiota and phenotypic features that characterize asthma heterogeneity to develop new treatments for asthma.
METHODS
Fresh stool samples were obtained from 20 healthy subjects and 47 newly diagnosed asthmatic patients prior to any interventions. The asthmatics were divided into allergic and non-allergic cohorts. Intestinal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing. Demographic and clinical parameters were collected. Alpha and beta diversity analysis were calculated to detect differences within sample phylotype richness and evenness between controls and asthmatic patients. Statistically significant differences between samples were analyzed for all used metrics, and features of gut bacterial community structure were evaluated in relation to extensive clinical characteristics of asthmatic patients.
RESULTS
Gut microbial compositions were significantly different between asthmatic and healthy groups. Alpha-diversity of the gut microbiome was significantly lower in asthmatics than in controls. The microbiome between allergic and non-allergic asthmatic patients were also different, and 28 differential species were identified. PPAR signaling pathway, carotenoid biosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis were significantly positively correlated with allergy-associated clinical index, including FENO value, blood eosinophil counts, and serum IgE and IL-4 levels. A combination of , and showed an AUC of 0.743 in the specific allergic/non-allergic cohort. When integrating , flavone, flavonol biosynthesis, and serum IL-4 values, the AUC achieved 0.929 to classify asthmatics. At the same time, and its associated functional pathway exhibited an AUC of 0.78 to distinguish allergic asthmatics from those without allergies.
CONCLUSION
We demonstrated a distinct taxonomic composition of gut microbiota in different asthmatic phenotypes, highlighting their significant relationships. Our study may support considerations of intestinal microbial signatures in delineating asthma phenotypes.
PubMed: 34408443
DOI: 10.2147/JAA.S320088 -
Biomedical Reports Nov 2015The Comano spring water (Comano, Italy) has been demonstrated to improve skin regeneration, not only by increasing keratinocyte proliferation and migration, but also by...
The Comano spring water (Comano, Italy) has been demonstrated to improve skin regeneration, not only by increasing keratinocyte proliferation and migration, but also by modulating the regenerated collagen and elastic fibers in the dermis. However, such biological properties may not be entirely explained by its mineral composition only. As the non-pathogenic bacterial populations have demonstrated an active role in different biological processes, the potential presence of non-pathogenic bacterial species within the Comano spring water was investigated in order to identify any possible correlation between these bacterial populations and the demonstrated biological properties of this water. The water was collected at the spring using an aseptic procedure and multiple cultures were carried out. A total of 9 different strains were isolated, which were , , , , , , , and . All the isolated bacterial strains, although showing a rare potential virulence, demonstrated peculiar and favorable metabolic attitudes in controlling environmental pollution. The therapeutical effects of certain spring waters are currently being proven as correlated not only to their peculiar mineral composition, but also to the complex activity of their resident non-pathogenic bacterial populations. Although the present study provided only preliminary data, some of the non-pathogenic bacterial populations that were identified in the Comano spring water are likely to produce molecular mediators with a role in the wound healing process that, thus far, remain unknown. Numerous other unknown bacterial species, comprehensively termed DNA-rich 'dark matter', are likely to contribute to the Comano water regenerative properties as well. Therefore, the non-pathogenic bacterial populations of the Comano spring water are possibly credited for its demonstrated regenerative properties.
PubMed: 26623012
DOI: 10.3892/br.2015.507 -
Veterinaria Italiana May 2021Bacterial urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common condition affecting dogs. Urine culture and antimicrobial susceptibility test, associated with the identification of...
Bacterial urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common condition affecting dogs. Urine culture and antimicrobial susceptibility test, associated with the identification of underlying cause, are of primary importance in order to select a correct treatment, especially in presence of comorbidities. Two cases of immunecompromised dogs affected by urinary tract infection (UTI) have been described: the first, probably immunosuppressed due to old age, was in poor body condition, with severe odontolithiasis and periodontitis; the second was affected by chronic kidney disease in advanced stage. Urine cultures isolated two rare and atypical pathogens, Moellerella wisconsensis and Brevundimonas vesicularis, both showing sensitivity versus floroquinolones which were selected for the treatment. After a 4 weeks treatment, a second culture demonstrated the resolution of infection in both cases, in absence of clinical signs.To date neither of the two bacteria have been reported as cause of UTI in dog.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Caulobacteraceae; Diagnosis, Differential; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Gammaproteobacteria; Immunocompromised Host; Male; Pedigree; Urinalysis; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 34313102
DOI: 10.12834/VetIt.2110.12149.1 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology May 2020Resistance to the "last-resort" antibiotics, such as carbapenems, has led to very few antibiotics being left to treat infections by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Spread...
Resistance to the "last-resort" antibiotics, such as carbapenems, has led to very few antibiotics being left to treat infections by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Spread of carbapenem resistance (CR) has been well characterized for the clinical environment. However, there is a lack of information about its environmental distribution. Our study reveals that CR is present in a wide range of Gram-negative bacteria in the coastal seawater environment, including four phyla, eight classes, and 30 genera. These bacteria were likely introduced into seawater via stormwater flows. Some CR isolates found here, such as , , , , , , and , are further relevant to human health. We also describe a novel metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) for marine isolates with CR, which has likely been horizontally transferred to or In contrast, another MBL of the New Delhi type was likely acquired by environmental isolates from , , or utilizing a plasmid. Our findings add to the growing body of evidence that the aquatic environment is both a reservoir and a vector for novel CR genes. Resistance against the "last-resort" antibiotics of the carbapenem family is often based on the production of carbapenemases, and this has been frequently observed in clinical samples. However, the dissemination of carbapenem resistance (CR) in the environment has been less well explored. Our study shows that CR is commonly found in a range of bacterial taxa in the coastal aquatic environment and can involve the exchange of novel metallo-β-lactamases from typical environmental bacteria to potential human pathogens or vice versa. The outcomes of this study contribute to a better understanding of how aquatic and marine bacteria can act as reservoirs and vectors for CR outside the clinical setting.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aquatic Organisms; Carbapenems; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Fresh Water; Gram-Negative Bacteria; New South Wales
PubMed: 32198174
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02939-19